Nā hiʻohiʻona huahana:
1. Hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka wai a kūpono i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.
2.Good compressive ikaika.
3.Convenient hana, mālama maʻalahi a me ka waiwai.
4.Strong ukana kū'ē a me ka lōʻihi.
5.E hōʻoia e hiki ke hoʻokahe koke ʻia ka wai nui.
6.Light kaumaha a me ka ikaika o ka hale.
Pepa ʻikepili ʻenehana:
Nui: 50cm x 50cm / 40cm x 40cm
Kiʻekiʻe: 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 50mm kala: keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo (hoʻoponopono ʻia)
Noi:
1.Greening papahana: hale kaʻa ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, hale kīhāpai, vertical greening, inclined roof greening, football field, golf course.
2.Municipal engineering: kahua mokulele, alanui alanui, subway, tunnel, landfill.
3.Construction 'enekinia: luna a lalo papahele o ke kumu o ka hale, loko a me waho paia a me ka papahele o ka basement a me ka hale, ka hale seepage kaohi a me ka wela insulation papa, etc.
4.Water conservancy papahana: impervious wai i loko o ka waihona, waihona a me ka mea hana loko.
5.Transportation 'enekinia: alaloa, alahao embankment, embankment a me slope pale pale.
